Chloramphenicol Acetylation in Streptomyces

Chloramphenicol resistance in Streptomyces: cloning and characterization of a chloramphenicol hydrolase gene from Streptomyces venezuelae.

A 6.5 kb DNA fragment containing a chloramphenicol-resistance gene of Streptomyces venezuelae ISP5230 was cloned in Streptomyces lividans M252 using the high-copy-number plasmid vector pIJ702. The gene was located within a 2.4 kb KpnI-SstI fragment of the cloned DNA and encoded an enzyme (chloramphenicol hydrolase) that catalysed removal of the dichloroacetyl moiety from the antibiotic. The dea...

New Insights into Chloramphenicol Biosynthesis in Streptomyces venezuelae ATCC 10712

Comparative genome analysis revealed seven uncharacterized genes, sven0909 to sven0915, adjacent to the previously identified chloramphenicol biosynthetic gene cluster (sven0916-sven0928) of Streptomyces venezuelae strain ATCC 10712 that was absent in a closely related Streptomyces strain that does not produce chloramphenicol. Transcriptional analysis suggested that three of these genes might b...

The enzymatic acetylation of chloramphenicol by extracts of R factor-resistant Escherichia coli.

Chloramphenicol-resistant strains of Escherichia coli which carry the episomal resistance transfer factor R inactivate the antibiotic by enzymatic acetylation. In the presence of chloramphenicol and acetyl coenzyme A, cell extracts catalyze the formation of both a monoacetyl and a diacetyl derivative of chloramphenicol. Definitive identification of the reaction products as 3-acetoxy chloramphen...

Chloramphenicol.

Microbial transformation of antibiotics. VI. Acylation of chloramphenicol by Streptomyces coelicolor.

Previous papers in this series have described the microbial transformation of clindamycin to clindamycm-S-phosphate1^ Ndemethylclindamycin2), clindamycin sulfoxide2) or clindamycin ribonucleotides3) by Streptomyces species. We have extended our observations on the ability of these organisms to transform antibiotics, to chloramphenicol (I, Fig. 1) which, like clindamycin, binds at the 50S riboso...